Notes P19-P28

• Sounds in a poem are chosen, not random.
• Very confused: Dingdong Theory???
• Vowels: a, e, i, o, u. Also w and y when they are heard in the same syllable as the vowel in front of it. 
• Consonants
• semivowels: can be imperfectly sound without a vowel. The semivowels are l, h, j, l, n, r, s, v, w, x, y, z, and c and g soft. The sound of c, f, g, h, j, s, or x and be protracted only as an aspirate, or strong breath. 
• Liquids: l, m, n, and r, on account of the fluency of their sounds. 
• More vocal than aspirates: v, w, y, and z. 
• mutes: cannot be sounded at all without a vowel, suddenly stops the breath at the end of a syllable. There are eight of them: b, d, k, p, q, t, and c and g hard. K, g, and c hard sound exactly alike. B, d, and g hard stop the voice less suddenly than the rest. 
• A mute near the beginning of the word and soften the vowel sound in the word. A mute at the end of the word stops the word suddenly and make the sound sharp(don't know if this is the adjective that fits here).
• The use of sound in a poem can easily change the tone of the poem. The transitions of different stanzas also switch the emotions within the lines around.